Source attributed case-control study of campylobacteriosis in New Zealand

BackgroundFollowing an initial reduction in human campylobacteriosis New Zealand after the implementation of poultry food chain-focused interventions during 2006–2008, further decline has been relatively small.We report a year-long study notified cases, incorporating case control combined with source attribution study. The purpose was to generate up-to-date evidence on relative contributions different sources Zealand.MethodsThe approach included:• A case-control cases (aged six months or more) sampled major urban centre (Auckland, every second case) and mixed urban/rural area (Manawatū/Whanganui, case), between 12 March 2018 11 2019.• Source from these two regions over period by modelling multilocus sequence typing data Campylobacter jejuni C. coli isolates faecal samples relevant (poultry, cattle, sheep).ResultsMost (84%) were infected strains attributed source, while 14% cattle source. Approximately 90% sources, compared almost 75% rural cases.Poultry consumption per se not identified as significant risk factor. However specific factors related meat preparation did result statistically significantly elevated odds ratios.ConclusionsThe overall findings combining analysis indicate that remains dominant pathway for exposure infection.